Experimental and computational study of hull–propeller–rudder interaction for steady turning circles

The hull–propeller–rudder interaction of the Korea Research Institute Ships & Ocean Engineering Container Ship is studied using a combined experimental fluid dynamic (EFD) and computational dynamics (CFD) method with an innovative approach employed for analysis steady state circular motions. force moment balances are analyzed by decomposing into contributions from bare hull, rudder, propulsor. Detailed investigation computed local flow fields performed including hull vortices, surface pressure streamlines, propeller rudder inflows. mostly have similar trend both EFD CFD. inflow in port starboard turning shows different trends, more heavily loaded reduced efficiency as compared to straight-ahead condition. side larger magnitudes load, lower efficiency, drift angle, smaller circle radius than turning. These differences explained via aid transformed motion equations centrifugal force. surge (X) hardly changed, but lateral (Y) (largely due force) turning, which induces angle speed loss. overall conclusion that induce off-design inflow, increased thrust, loss addition interactions.